Process of making liquid chlofuds



(No Model.) A. SUMMER.

PROCESS OF MAKING LIQUID GHLORIDS.

N0. 523,715. Patented July 31, 1894.

UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

ADOLPH SOMMER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OF MAKING LIQUID CHLORIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 523,715, dated July31,1894. Application filed April 22, 1892. Serial No. 430,279- (Nospecimens) To all whom it may concern.-

7 Be it known that I, ADOLPH SoMMER, of Boston,1n the county of Suffolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Process ofand Apparatus for Making Liquid Ohlorids from Solid Substances; and I dohereby declare the following to be a clear, full, and exact descriptionof the invention.

In the manufacture of liquid chlorids from solid substances, such assulfur, antimony, arsonic, tin, it has been customary to place the solldsubstance in an ordinary glass or earthenware vessel,then to conduct thechlorin by means of a tube protruding over the upper edge of the Vesseland hanging or standing in a vertical or slanting position, into thebulk of the solid substance, until the whole or the greater part of thesubstance has been converted into the liquid chlorid desired,-

and finally to separate any remaining unchloridized or insufficientlychloridized port1on by decantation and distillation. Owing to theliberation of a large amount of heatin this reaction, which beingretained causes a considerable portion of the liquid chlorid toevaporate whenever the reaction becomes energetic, it hasheretofore beenimpossible to operate in this manner with a strong current of chlorinupon large quantities of material. Other disadvantages of this methodare: that it requires the chlorin to be kept orliberated underconsiderable pressure, in order to overcome the column of liquid chloridaccumulating in the chloridizing vessel, thereby increasing the dangerof leakage and loss of chlorin, and that it necessitates a separate op-'eration, generally distillation, in order to free the product from suchportions of the original substance as have either not combined at allwith chlorin or united only with an insufficient amount thereof.overcome in the following manner:

I employ an apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which isconstructed of glass, earthenware, lead or any other material capable ofresisting the action of both chlorin and the chlorid to be produced, andwhich consists, in the main, of a chloridizing vessel A, a cooler B, anda receiver 0. These parts are placed in such a position with respect toeach other that A occupies the highest, B an intermediate and O thelowest elevation.

These defects I have Ohloridizing vessel A is provided a short distancefrom its real bottom, with a perforated false bottom D and, at somepoint between the false and real bottom, with an outlet F.

Other, though not essential attachments to vessel A are: pipe Rextending from the space.

between the false and real bottom somewhat beyond the upper edge of A,and cover H with opening M.

Outlet F is connected with the upper end of cooler B, the body of whichstands in a tank of water T. The lower end of cooler B is connectedthrough pipe P with the upper part of the closed receiver 0 which isfurther provided with pipe S and opening 0.

, The manner in which this apparatus may be used is two-fold. After thespace above.

the false bottom in vessel A has been filled with lumps or coarse piecesof the substance to be chloridized achlorin generator or some otherapparatus furnishing a supply of chlorin is connected either with pipe Sor with pipe R. In the former case opening 0 and pipe R should be closedand opening M left open, in the latter case opening M should be closedand either opening 0 or pipe S left open. If connection has been madewith S, the chlorin passes into the closed receiver 0, thence throughpipe P into cooler B, and thence through pipe F into vessel 'A, which itenters underneath the false bottom D. Ascending through the holes in thefalse bottom it comes in contact with the Substance to be chloridized,and combining therewith forms the liquid chlorid. If connection has beenmade with pipe R, the chlorin passes first into the space between thefalse and real bottom of vessel A, then partly descends through outlet Finto cooler B and finally into receiver 0, and partly ascends throughthe holes of the false bottom and combines, as in the'first instance,with the solid substance.

The liquid chlorid, which forms in either case at the point where theascending body of chlorin comes in contact with the solid substance tobe chloridized, drops, as rapidly as formed, through the falsebottom,then runs through outlet F into cooler B and finally through pipe Pintoreceiver G. In thus traversing the apparatus continuously in contactwith an abundance of chlorin any unconverted or insufficientlychloridized particles of the substance which, whether dissolved orsuspended, are carried along by the liquid chlorid in its downwardcourse to the receiver are soon acted upon and perfectly ehloridized.With a cooler having ample surface for cooling the liquid chlorid andfor exposing it to the action of chlorin gas, the liquid chlorid, whichis generally hot and impure When it enters the cooler, reaches thereceiver both cool and free from unconverted or insufficientlychloridized particles of the original substance. But if the cooler isdeficient in length or does not spread out the liquid sufficiently toenable it to take up a sufficient amount of chlorin, the absorption ofchlorin continues in the receiver.

If the liquid chlorid accumulating in the receiver is withdrawnoccasionally through opening 0, and a continuous supply of chlorin isprovided, the operation may be carried on Without interruption by simplyrecharging from time to time vessel Awith the substance to beehloridized.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein described improvement in the process of making chloridsfrom solid substances consisting in forming the liquid chlorid from thesolid substance by exposure to chlorin and separating the liquid chloridfrom the solid substances by draining away the liquid as rapidly as itis formed, without me vious volatilization substantially as described.

. 2. The herein described improvement in the process of making chlorids,consisting in forming a liquid chlorid as before stated and subjectingthe said liquid chlorid to the action of chlorin gas while flowing in arelatively thin stream to a receiver.

3. The herein described improvement in the process of making chloridsfrom solid substances consisting in forming thdliquid chlorid from thesolid substance by exposure to chlorin, draining away the liquid to areceiver as rapidly as it is formed without previous volatilization, andtreating the liquid chlorid to the action of chlorin during its passageto the receiver; substantially as described.

ADOLPH SOMMER.

Witnesses:

L. F. CLAR, E. M. WHITE.

